International Journal of Geoscience, Engineering and Technology

Editorial Team and Contents Volume 10

2024-11-08T19:34:33-03:00

Editorial Team and Contents.

Editorial to the tenth issue of International Journal of Geoscience, Engineering and Technology

2024-10-31T15:59:14-03:00

Editorial to the tenth issue of International Journal of Geoscience, Engineering and Technology.

Statistical Approach to Gamma Ray Signature of Clean Shales, Limestones and Sandstones: Case Study of Benin's Offshore Coastal Sedimentary Basin

2024-10-31T15:59:14-03:00

Shale, sandstones, limestones, and dolomites are geological formations that play key roles in forming and trapping hydrocarbon systems. The knowledge of GR signature of clean shales, limestones and sandstones is significant for more precise identification of formations. This study aims to propose a statistical technique for determining the gamma ray log signature of clean shales, sandstones, limestones, and dolomites. This approach of combines the GR log statistical processing method and the bootstrap mean estimation method. The case study has helped to determine Benin's offshore sedimentary basin clean formations GR signature at the scale of the petroleum block 1. The results show that Benin’s block 1 clean shale GR signature is 122.57 GAPI with a confidence interval of [116.41GAPI; 128.26GAPI] while its clean limestone or sandstone GR signature is 16.63 GAPI with a confidence interval of [12.84GAPI; 20.51GAPI]. As a result, over the qualitative analysis of a block 1 well GR log data, the clean shale and clean sandstone baselines to be used have to correspond to these GR signatures. Moreover, these clean formations GR signatures have to be taken into account over formations shale volume computation.

Application of colored pigments in the study of the compressive strength of self-leveling mortars

2024-10-31T15:59:14-03:00

The study addresses the impact of adding colored pigments on the compressive strength of self-leveling mortar. This simplified application solution is carried out using a concrete mixer truck and hose, reducing the need for labor and accelerating the construction process. Through resistance tests and color analysis, five mortar mixes with different types and proportions of pigments were investigated. The results indicate that the amount and type of pigment can influence the strength and stability of the mortar, with inorganic pigments contributing to the formation of voids and, consequently, to the reduction of strength. Furthermore, the color analysis revealed that the pigments provided uniform and stable shades, essential for aesthetic floor and wall covering applications. Additional investigations should be carried out to deepen the understanding of the influence of pigments on the durability and performance of mortar in different environmental conditions.

Susceptibility to contamination of wells granted in relation to activities licensed at Supram Leste Mineiro

2024-10-31T15:59:14-03:00

The risk of contamination of groundwater is determined by hydrogeological factors, such as the porosity of aquifers, static water pressure, and the attenuation capacity of the upper strata, as well as anthropic factors, such as the distribution of human activities on the surface and subsurface, which influence the quantity, frequency, form of release and chemical properties of the contaminants generated. The objective of this study is to identify the susceptibility to contamination of wells granted in relation to activities licensed at Supram Leste Mineiro, based on the analysis of natural vulnerability in the context of the potential for contamination of groundwater and potentially contaminating activities within a radius of 200 m of the wells. The study reveals that although activities in areas with very low vulnerability predominate, the presence of activities with high to medium potential in the vicinity of wells represents a significant risk to the water table. The 126 wells identified as having some type of human activity in their vicinity represent only approximately 10% of the wells that were granted during the period under analysis. However, it is notable that activities with high polluting potential are present in the areas of influence of 52% of these wells (5.56% related to soil and 46.83% to water), which are intended for human consumption or public supply. The results emphasize the need for measures to protect and manage groundwater resources, such as the implementation of clearer and more effective regulations, and increased supervision and monitoring to ensure the quality of water intended for human consumption and other uses.

The Automating Hydroclimatic Data Processing: A VBA Module for Efficient Handling of Large Datasets in Microsoft Access

2024-10-31T15:59:14-03:00

Hydroclimatic data plays a crucial role in the study of water resources and the surrounding environment. These data are typically obtained from the National Water Agency and the state agencies. However, limited data series are available, and the data may contain undesirable characteristics. Data processing is usually performed using modules developed in spreadsheets; however, this method is impractical when dealing with large volumes of data. This led to the development of a Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) module in Microsoft Office Access to handle the extensive datasets. The application was designed to automatically process empty fields, clean invalid characters, and group data when large gaps appeared at the end of some tables. Finally, it calculated the monthly, daily, and annual averages. The application has proven to be highly intuitive because users only need to follow the sequence of buttons displayed on the screen.

Development of a Prototype for Water Reservoir Level Monitoring Using an ESP32 Board

2024-10-31T15:59:14-03:00

The ESP32 is a microcontroller developed by Espressif Systems. It is highly integrated with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity and widely used in Internet of Things (IoT) projects due to its versatility, performance, and low cost. It is employed in various sectors such as irrigation, commerce, and industry. Nowadays, water monitoring and efficient management are of great importance, mainly due to increased consumption and climate change. Based on this premise, a prototype was developed capable of remotely monitoring the water levels in domestic reservoirs via the Internet. With the development of the prototype, it was observed that it can positively improve, at a reduced cost, the processes of management and decision-making regarding residential water supply, contributing to the reduction of water waste.

Standardization and Compliance in Civil Construction: the role of Brazilian standards and regulatory standards

2024-10-31T15:59:14-03:00

The Industrial Revolution, which took place between the 18th and 19th centuries, spurred the need for standardization and safety in industrial processes, a challenge that the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and, in Brazil, the ABNT have been striving to address since then. The NRs and NBRs (Brazilian Standards) play crucial roles in the safety and efficiency of construction works, encompassing various aspects such as occupational safety, material quality, sustainability, and legal compliance. This paper explores the importance of technical and regulatory standards in Brazilian civil construction, highlighting the role of the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT) and the Regulatory Standards (NRs) established by the Ministry of Labour and Employment (MTE). Specific standards such as NR-04, NR-06, NR-17, and NR-23 address workplace safety, while NBRs such as NBR 6118 (Concrete Structures) and NBR 15575 (Building Performance) establish technical standards for civil construction. The rigorous application of these standards brings numerous benefits, such as worker safety, improved construction quality, operational efficiency, and legal compliance.

Determination of the landslide risk level of a slope in São Cristóvão neighborhood in Teófilo Otoni/MG

2024-10-31T15:59:15-03:00

Landslides have become more frequent, driven by climate change that results in heavy rainfall, combined with inadequate occupation of urban areas. These phenomena have negative consequences for society, causing material damage and affecting people's safety. It is important to identify areas susceptible to landslides in order to implement measures to mitigate the associated risks. Thus, this work aims to determine the level of landslide risk of a slope located on Matildes Borges da Rocha Street and Uruguay Street in the São Cristóvão neighborhood, in the city of Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais. The methodology adopted included a field survey, photographic records, annotations on field files, and the application of the methodological script for risk analysis and mapping of risk areas in slope and lowland sectors, with a focus on landslides, recommended by the Ministry of Cities in 2007. After the analyses, the results revealed that the study area has a degree of R4 (very high) risk. Given this scenario, there is a need to implement mitigating measures and intervention plans to ensure the physical and property safety of the region's residents.

Analysis of Urban Drainage on the Mucuri Campus of UFVJM

2024-10-31T15:59:15-03:00

A case study was conducted in the urban drainage course, focusing on analyzing drainage systems across various locations of the campus of the Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys (UFVJM). Through technical visits, critical issues were identified, such as the insufficiency of storm drains and their obstruction or damage in several locations, including the University Restaurant, the Roundabout, the Engineering Laboratory, the Gymnasium, the ICET (Institute of Science, Engineering, and Technology), and the Transportation Building. These deficiencies compromise the efficiency of stormwater runoff, resulting in flooding and erosion, especially in low-altitude areas like the University Restaurant. The study highlighted the need for interventions to maintain and improve drainage infrastructure, proposing solutions to minimize environmental and structural impacts. Such as adding more drainage grates and storm drain inlets, creating permeable areas, and strategically distributing manholes. This would increase drainage capacity and significantly reduce the risk of flooding and erosion.

Morphometric characterization of the three hearts fluviometric station located in the municipality of Tres Corações in Minas Gerais, from SRTM data processed in QGIS

2024-11-08T19:29:12-03:00

Population growth, industrialization, and the expansion of agriculture in the 20th century worsened the scarcity and degradation of water resources, and for this reason, water management became part of political and socioeconomic debates. The present work aimed to characterize the Three Hearts fluviometric station, located in the municipality of Três Corações, and demarcate the drainage area of the Rio Grande sub-basin, which is part of the greater Paraná River basin. Through remote sensing tools, it was possible to extract information such as elevation model, drainage networks, transversal profiles, basin slope, use of Thiessen Polygons, and flow calculation in geotechnology software (QGis version 2.18), which became important for these types of analyses is evident. This type of study is fundamental because this is the territorial unit for the purposes of planning and managing water resources, which made it possible to characterize the Three Hearts fluviometric station, located in the Municipality of Três Corações.

Comparative analysis of slope classes and terrain ruggedness index using distinct digital elevation models in the Municipality of Jenipapo de Minas

2024-11-08T19:31:06-03:00

This study assesses terrain variability in the Municipality of Jenipapo de Minas, southeastern Brazil, using Digital Elevation Models (DEMs). The DEMs analyzed include the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) with 30-meter (SRTM30) and 90-meter (SRTM90) resolutions, as well as the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER). The comparative analysis was based on topographic characteristics, such as slope and terrain ruggedness index (TRI) were derived from these models to analyze the landscape’s elevation changes. Results showed that elevation differences among the DEMs were similar. The predominant slope was undulating and heavily undulating, consistent with previous studies. The TRI results indicated a high incidence of level terrain, particularly in SRTM30 with 100% of the area and ASTER with almost 100%. However, in the SRTM90, the incidence of the nearly level and slightly Rugged TRI classes in 6.88% of the study area. These findings emphasize how DEM resolution influences terrain characterization, with implications for hydrological studies, environmental planning, and landscape management. Overall, the study underscores the necessity of carefully selecting DEM sources according to the specific analytical requirements, as well as the potential for using a combination of DEMs for a more comprehensive understanding of terrain dynamics across different spatial scales.